How do you transpose columns and rows in R?

There are two ways for transposing rows and columns in R.

• Using t to just transpose the data frame as if it would be a matrix
• Use tidyr::spread along with tidyr::gather

Note: R provides a wide variety of statistical (linear and nonlinear modeling, classical statistical tests,) and also graphical techniques, which is highly extensible. Read our list of r programming interview questions to get better in this language and even start working on your own data science project!